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  1. Home
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Modern History·Easy

Which of the following statements is/are correct about Permanent Settlement? 1. Under Permanent Settlement, ‘zamindars’, who earlier only had the right to collect revenue, were established as the proprietors of land. 2. Under this system, the state’s demand for land revenue was permanently fixed. 3. Through this system, the state tried to create an enterprising class of landowners, who would try to improve crop production in their fields to earn profits. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Which of the following statements is/are correct about Permanent Settlement? 1. Under Permanent Settlement, ‘zamindars’, who earlier only had the right to collect revenue, were established as the proprietors of land. 2. Under this system, the state’s demand for land revenue was permanently fixed. 3. Through this system, the state tried to create an enterprising class of landowners, who would try to improve crop production in their fields to earn profits. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Options

  1. a.

    1 only

  2. b.

    2 and 3 only

  3. c.

    1 and 2 only

  4. d.

    1, 2 and 3

    Correct answer

Explanation

  • Cornwallis introduced the system of Permanent Settlement in 1793. Under this system, ‘zamindars’, who earlier only had the right to collect revenue, were established as the proprietors or owners of land. The state’s demand for land revenue was permanently fixed, but if the zamindars were unable to pay the full tax on time, their lands would be taken away and auctioned by the state.
  • Through this system, the state tried to create an enterprising class of landowners, who would try to improve crop production in their fields to earn profits. Besides, it would be simpler for the state to deal with a limited number of zamindars, than with every peasant, and a powerful section of society would become loyal to the British administration.
  • But, this system led to greater impoverishment of the tenant-cultivator, because of the burden of high revenue assessment. It also caused great difficulty for the zamindars, many of whom were unable to pay the revenue on time and lost their lands.
  • A large number of traditional zamindar houses collapsed. The system also encouraged subinfeudation, i.e., many layers of intermediaries between the zamindar and the cultivator, adding to the woes of the peasantry.

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