Some people believe that leadership is a quality which you have at birth or not at all. This theory is false, for the art of leadership can be acquired and can indeed be taught. This discovery is made in time of war and the results achieved can surprise even the instructors. Faced with the alternatives of going left or right, every soldier soon grasps that a prompt decision either way is better than an endless discussion. A firm choice of direction has an even chance of being right while to do nothing will be almost certainly wrong. The author of the passage holds the view that
leadership can be taught through war experience only
leadership can be acquired as well as taught
the results of training show that more people acquire leadership than are expected
despite rigorous instruction, very few leaders are produced
The passage refutes the notion that individuals are either born with innate leadership qualities or not at all, asserting instead that leadership can be both naturally acquired and taught. Therefore, option (b) appears to be the most appropriate answer. Option (a) is inaccurate as it suggests a singular method, which the passage contradicts. Option (c) is incorrect as it involves a comparison of numbers not provided in the passage. Option (d) is not referenced in the passage.
For election to the Lok Sabha, a nomination paper can be filed by
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