Aristocratic government ruins itself by limiting too narrowly the circle within which power is confined; oligarchic government ruins itself by the incautious scramble for immediate wealth. But even democracy ruins itself by excess of democracy. Its basic principle is the equal right of all to hold office and determine public policy. This is, at first glance, a delightful arrangement; it becomes disastrous because the people are not properly equipped by education to select the best rulers and the wisest courses. The people have no understanding and only repeat what their rulers are pleased to tell them. Such a democracy is tyranny or autocracy. – Plato Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage given above?
Human societies experiment with different forms of governments.
Any form of government tends to deteriorate by excess of its basic principle.
Education of all citizens ensures a perfect, functional and sustainable democracy.
Having a government is a necessary evil because tyranny is inherent in any form of government.
Crux is the most important or difficult part of a problem i.e. main point of the passage that is explicitly stated by the author. Option (a) is incorrect: Although this can be inferred from the passage, it is not explicitly stated by the author. Hence, we can rule this option out. Option (b) is correct because author explicitly mentions "even democracy ruins itself by excess of democracy" and previously described other forms of government through their excesses. Option (c) is incorrect because it is too far fetched/speculative. Option (d) is incorrect because it is an extreme statement and when we test the statement against the passage, it fails to capture the main message/point of the passage.
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